SECTION 1: RISK GOVERNANCE
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Board and Senior Management Oversight (8%)
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Provide relevant, timely, and accurate information to board, risk committees, and senior management. |
Knowledge of:
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Organizational structures and committees and their roles and responsibilities (e.g., governance, credible challenge)
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Processes to manage and report the status of risk identification, measurement, and control activities
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The concepts and components of risk appetite and risk culture and how they link to corporate strategy and operations
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Champion policies, risk appetite, and risk culture across the organization. |
Knowledge of:
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Practices to drive organizational, process, and cultural change (e.g., communicating expectations, define roles) in alignment with business objectives and strategy
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The concepts and components of risk appetite and risk culture
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How risk appetite and risk culture link to corporate strategy and operations
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Practices to educate and increase awareness of risk policies, appetite, and culture within and across all three lines of defense
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Policies, Procedures and Limits (12%)
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Establish and maintain risk management policies, procedures, and risk appetite framework in alignment with enterprise objectives. |
Knowledge of:
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Elements of an effective control environment (e.g., policy review/governance)
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Regulatory expectations around policies (e.g., proper authority, breadth of coverage, approval)
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Methods to implement and communicate risk management policies
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The concepts of organizational control structure and escalation channels
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Risk management policies' purpose, roles, and responsibilities
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The components of risk appetite (e.g., qualitative, quantitative) and how they link to corporate strategy
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Assessment of risk appetite levels and monitoring thresholds
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Regulator expectations of procedures to execute in alignment with risk management policies
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Establish a governance process to create and maintain policy limits for measuring business performance. |
Knowledge of:
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Development and maintenance of policy limits (e.g., setting appropriate limits, periodic review expectations)
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Calculation of risk metrics/quantitative methods
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Typical sources of risk concentration (e.g., portfolio concentration, uninsured deposits, counterparty)
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Manage policy exceptions (e.g., LTV exception) and policy breach (e.g., data privacy breach) |
Knowledge of:
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Documentation of policy exceptions
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Appropriate approval authority used for exception
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Establish timelines and processes for noncompliance to policy for decision-making (e.g., exceptions, risk mitigation, dispensation)
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Process and requirements for breach in policy (e.g., escalate, document, track)
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Management Information Systems (11%)
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Develop and maintain management information systems (i.e., reporting tools) to systematically track and evaluate the effectiveness of the risk management program. |
Knowledge of:
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Risk aggregation analysis tools and processes
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System limitations (e.g., access restrictions, manual versus automated reporting)
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Information systems and data required for risk reporting (e.g., asset liability systems)
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Information collection, retention, and sharing (e.g., completeness, quality, accessibility)
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Design elements in MIS reports to aid in effective decision-making
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Assess the quality and capabilities of the systems used to support the decision‐making activities. |
Knowledge of:
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Industry standards, sound practices, and regulatory expectations regarding information systems related to enterprise risk management
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Investigative approaches to ensure system function as expected (e.g., inquire, observe, request documentation, challenge)
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Develop and implement data governance program to ensure
completeness and accuracy of reporting. |
Knowledge of:
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Fundamental system requirements (e.g., asset liability system, modeling, Credit Risk, risk assessment)
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Methodologies for confirming and challenging the integrity of inputs and outputs (e.g., model validation, reconciliation)
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Investigative approaches to ensure data is accurate and complete (e.g., inquire, observe, request documentation, challenge)
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Controls for information systems providing data required for risk reporting (e.g., asset liability systems)
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Quality control processes and accountability
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Control Framework (7%)
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Determine if the internal control framework aligns with the size, complexity, and risk appetite of the organization. |
Knowledge of:
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Three lines of defense (e.g., roles, responsibilities, independence)
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Internal control system (e.g., control environment, risk assessment, control activities)
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Internal control framework (e.g., COSO Integrated Control Framework)
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Regulatory requirements (e.g., Sarbanes‐Oxley Act [SOX], Heightened Standards)
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Control types (e.g., preventative/detective, manual/automated)
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Effective challenge by risk management staff
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Quality control and quality assurance
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Effective controls for all risk categories (e.g., model risk, fraud, external financial reporting, Sarbanes‐Oxley Act [SOX])
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Coordinate timing, coverage, and scope of risk management reviews with those of other control partners (e.g., independent risk, compliance) and prepare for regulatory exams. |
Knowledge of:
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The roles and responsibilities of the three lines of defense
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Principles for effective exam management
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SECTION 2: RISK MANAGEMENT
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Risk Identification (15%)
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Monitor and survey the internal and external environment to identify emerging risks. |
Knowledge of:
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Risk categories (e.g., Operational Risk, Credit Risk) and types of risk events (e.g., processing errors, loan default)
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Potential upstream and downstream impact of risk events
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Risk presented by third parties (e.g., concentration, financial health)
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Criteria for materiality
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Regulatory environment and industry trends
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Identify current risks through the development of risk and control selfassessment (RCSAs). |
Knowledge of:
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Risk categories (e.g., Operational Risk, Credit Risk) and types of risk events
(e.g., processing errors, loan default)
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Potential upstream and downstream impact of risk events
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Risk presented by third parties (e.g., concentration, financial health)
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Risk and control self‐assessment (RCSA) fundamentals (e.g., inherent risk,
residual risk, business processes)
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Regulatory environment and applicable requirements
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Identify idiosyncratic risks (e.g., unique product lines, third-party relationships, customer concentration). |
Knowledge of:
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Risk categories (e.g., Operational Risk, Credit Risk) and types of risk events (e.g., processing errors, loan default)
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Potential upstream and downstream impact of risk events
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Criteria for materiality
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Regulatory environment and applicable requirements
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Identify risks resulting from failure to meet internal and external stakeholder requirements. |
Knowledge of:
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Potential upstream and downstream impact of risk events
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Criteria for materiality
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Potential regulatory actions and penalties (e.g., Matters Requiring Attention [MRA], Civil Money Penalties [CMP])
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Risk Measurement and Evaluation (13%)
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Estimate the likelihood of risk event(s) and the potential impact(s). |
Knowledge of:
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Risk assessment factors including likelihood, impact, direction, and velocity
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Key indicators (e.g., KRI, KPI) across all risk categories
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Evaluation of inherent risk, control environment, and residual risk
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Development and calculation of risk metrics/quantitative methods
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External factors (e.g., economic, regulatory, environmental)
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Potential upstream and downstream impact of risk events
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Effects of aggregated risks
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Conduct scenario analysis (e.g., stress test). |
Knowledge of:
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Scenario analysis fundamentals (e.g., scenario selection, triggers)
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Regulator expectations for conducting scenario analysis (e.g., asset size, complexity)
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Key indicators (e.g., KRI, KPI) across all risk categories
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Calculation of risk metrics
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Application and limitations of stress testing and scenario analysis
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External factors (e.g., economic, regulatory, environmental)
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Complete risk and control self‐assessments (RCSAs). |
Knowledge of:
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Risk assessment factors including likelihood, impact, direction, and velocity
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Evaluation of inherent risk, control environment, and residual risk
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Risk scoring and prioritization
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Evaluate risk relative to risk appetite and risk tolerance. |
Knowledge of:
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Key indicators (e.g., KRI, KPI) across all risk categories
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Risk appetite and tolerance
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Risk Responses (18%)
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Evaluate the alignment of management’s risk response and documentation with risk appetite. |
Knowledge of:
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Types and examples of risk responses (i.e., accept, mitigate, transfer, avoid), and when each is appropriate
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Maintenance of Risk and Control Self-Assessment (RCSA)
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Develop and recommend risk response (i.e., accept, mitigate, transfer, avoid). |
Knowledge of:
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Types and examples of risk responses (i.e., accept, mitigate, transfer, avoid) and when each is appropriate
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Types of risk mitigation activity (e.g., preventative, detective, corrective)
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Root cause analysis principles and techniques
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Impact from internal and external risks (e.g., third‐party service providers, shared services)
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Risk appetite and tolerance
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Manage issues identified by the first line and second line. |
Knowledge of:
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Issues Management identification and tracking
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Types and examples of risk responses (i.e., accept, mitigate, transfer, avoid) and when each is appropriate relevant to risk appetite
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Root cause analysis principles and techniques
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Impact from internal and external risks (e.g., third‐party service providers, shared services)
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Issues Management resolution (e.g., validation, closure)
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Respond to findings from regulators, independent third parties, and audits. |
Knowledge of:
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Root cause analysis principles and techniques
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Methods to address findings (e.g., rating criticality, action plan, documentation, disposition)
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Determine the residual risk of an event post‐risk response. |
Knowledge of:
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Evaluation of inherent risk, control environment, and residual risk
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Maintenance of Risk and Control Self-Assessment (RCSA)
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Risk Monitoring (16%)
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Identify and define key indicators (e.g., KRI, KPI). |
Knowledge of:
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Key credit measures (e.g., debt to income ratio, net credit losses, percentage of nonperformance asset)
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Key financial measures (e.g., net interest income, tier 1 capital ratio, current ratio)
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Key non-financial measures (e.g., operational losses, system downtime, employee turnover, efficiency ratio)
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Risk appetite and tolerance
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Distinction between key indicators (i.e., performance vs. risk)
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Indicators of economic trends (e.g., unemployment, bankruptcy rate)
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Elements of effective risk measures (e.g., limit, trigger)
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Design and produce standardized and ad hoc reporting. |
Knowledge of:
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Report monitoring and distribution components (e.g., timeline, scoping, time horizon, level of aggregation, segmentation)
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Techniques for analyzing risk information (i.e., quantitative, qualitative)
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Methods to summarize and communicate risk information (e.g., color coding, heat mapping, dashboard)
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The proper level to distribute and make information available, including escalation
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Reporting requirements
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Monitor indicators and reports to identify emerging risks. |
Knowledge of:
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Report monitoring and distribution components (e.g., timeline, scoping, time horizon, level of aggregation, segmentation)
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Techniques for analyzing risk information (i.e., quantitative, qualitative)
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The proper level to distribute and make information available, including escalation
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Key credit measures (e.g., debt-to-income ratio, net credit losses, percentage of nonperformance asset)
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Key financial measures (e.g., net interest income, tier 1 capital ratio, current ratio)
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Key non-financial measures (e.g., operational losses, system downtime, employee turnover, efficiency ratio)
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Evaluate the quality of first line performance through control monitoring. |
Knowledge of:
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Report monitoring and distribution components (e.g., timeline, scoping, time horizon, level of aggregation, segmentation)
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Control design and operating effectiveness
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Techniques for analyzing risk information (i.e., quantitative, qualitative)
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The proper level to distribute and make information available, including escalation
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Reporting requirements
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Analyze report output and make risk-based recommendations. |
Knowledge of:
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Methods to summarize and communicate risk information (e.g., color coding, heat mapping, dashboard)
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Techniques for analyzing risk information (i.e., quantitative, qualitative)
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The proper level to distribute and make information available, including escalation
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